ABSTRACT
The efficiency of 0.75% Ropivacaine as a single shot epidural anaesthetic in comparison to 0.5% Bupivacaine is less studied. Our study focuses on comparing the efficiency of sensory block between 0.75% ropivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine for epidural anaesthesia. Methods: The study was done with 0.75% Ropivacaine and 0.5% Bupivacaine in epidural anaesthesia in orthopedic hip surgeries given as a single shot technique for which 60 patients of ASA I/II each were chosen and 15ml of the drug was given. Onset of the sensory sensations at T12 and regression at the same level were measured with the aid of response to pin prick and thus duration of epidural anaesthesia was calculated individually in group B and group R respectively. Results: Onset of sensory block was faster in group R than in group B and regression was slower in group R than in group B. Conclusion: It can be concluded that duration of epidural anaesthesia was prolonged and longer with 0.75% Ropivacaine than 0.5% Bupivacaine.
ABSTRACT
Background: Pedicle screw fixation has become an increasingly popular technique of instrumentation to treat spinal disorders by providing stable fixation in the treatment for degenerative diseases, trauma, deformities, and tumours of the spine. This method provides rigid support that allows surgeons to limit instrumentation to one or two motion segments, thus preserving maximum motion. This study was conducted to record the surgically relevant parameters of transverse pedicle isthmus width, transverse pedicle angle, spinal canal diameters and the approximate screw path length and to compare the results between male and female vertebrae and with those of similar studies in literature. Methods: 295 lumbar vertebrae in 61patients were analyzed based on transverse pedicle isthmus width, transverse pedicle angles, AP and transverse spinal canal diameters and approximate screw path length. The screw path length was measured in 184 vertebrae from 37 patients. The measurements were processed using SPSS v.15 software and analysed. Results: The mean transverse pedicle isthmus width was the least at L1 level (8.1 mm) and highest at L5 level (16.5mm). There was a significant difference between male and female vertebral diameters. Of the pedicles at L1, over 9% had a diameter of less than or equal to 5 mm, 15% had a diameter of less than or equal to 6 mm. The mean transverse pedicle angle was maximum at L5 level (26.80). The canal diameters are significantly lower than that of the western population. There was a change in pedicle angle and diameter in the same vertebra between right and left pedicles. Female vertebrae had a smaller pedicle diameter and screw path length but had a similar spinal canal diameter as compared to a male vertebrae. Conclusions: Significant differences in the morphometric parameters existed between genders and even between individuals of same gender. It is suggested that preoperative computed tomography scans of the patients must be evaluated to choose the appropriately sized implant and avoid inadvertent complications.